Symbol |
Symbol Name |
Meaning / definition |
Example |
| = |
equals sign |
equality |
5 = 2+3 |
| ≠ |
not equal sign |
inequality |
5 ≠ 4 |
| > |
strict inequality |
greater than |
5 > 4 |
| < |
strict inequality |
less than |
4 < 5 |
| ≥ |
inequality |
greater than or equal to |
5 ≥ 4 |
| ≤ |
inequality |
less than or equal to |
4 ≤ 5 |
| ( ) |
parentheses |
calculate expression inside first |
2 × (3+5) = 16 |
| [ ] |
brackets |
calculate expression inside first |
[(1+2)*(1+5)] = 18 |
| + |
plus sign |
addition |
1 + 1 = 2 |
| − |
minus sign |
subtraction |
2 − 1 = 1 |
| ± |
plus - minus |
both plus and minus operations |
3 ± 5 = 8 and -2 |
|
∓ |
minus - plus |
both minus and plus operations |
3 ∓ 5 = -2 and 8
|
| * |
asterisk |
multiplication |
2 * 3 = 6 |
| × |
times sign |
multiplication |
2 × 3 = 6 |
| ∙ |
multiplication dot |
multiplication |
2 ∙ 3 = 6 |
| ÷ |
division sign / obelus |
division |
6 ÷ 2 = 3 |
| / |
division slash |
division |
6 / 2 = 3 |
| - |
horizontal line |
division / fraction |
 |
| mod |
modulo |
remainder calculation |
7 mod 2 = 1 |
| . |
period |
decimal point, decimal separator |
2.56 = 2+56/100 |
| ab |
power |
exponent |
23= 8 |
| a^b |
caret |
exponent |
2 ^ 3 = 8 |
| √a |
square root |
√a
- √a = a |
√9
= ±3 |
|
3√a |
cube root |
3√a
-
3√a -
3√a =
a |
3√8 = 2 |
|
4√a |
fourth root |
4√ a<
-
4√ a -
4√ a -
4√ a =
a |
4√ 16 =
±32 |
| n√ a< |
n-th root (radical) |
|
for n=3, n√ 8 = 2 |
| % |
percent |
1% = 1/100 |
10% × 30 = 3 |
| ‰ |
per-mille |
1‰ = 1/1000 = 0.1% |
10‰ × 30 = 0.3 |
|
ppm |
per-million |
1ppm = 1/1000000 |
10ppm × 30 = 0.0003 |
|
ppb |
per-billion |
1ppb = 1/1000000000 |
10ppb × 30 = 3×10-7 |
|
ppt |
per-trillion |
1ppt = 10-12 |
10ppt × 30 = 3×10-10 |
